Editor’s Letter
“To restore an edifice is…to re-establish it in a complete state that may never have existed at any given moment.” FRENCH ARCHITECT EUGÈNE VIOLLETle-Duc defined restoration as such in his 1854 Dictionnaire Raisonné de l’architecture Française, which he penned while overseeing the greatest project of his career: the 19th-century renovation of the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral 1. His refurbishment included replacing the medieval spire over the transept that had been removed at the end of the 18th century. Thanks to engineering advances born of the Industrial Revolution, the new spire was perhaps even more Gothic than its predecessor, with taller, thinner proportions that, in the eyes of Viollet-le-Duc, represented a modern realization of soaring medieval masonic ambition. But the spire was as much a product of Viollet-le-Duc’s borrowing of historical vernacular to protect…